Family Law – Loss of the right of Child Custody 

Hukum Keluarga – Hilangnya Hak Asuh Anak 

Post Divorce, a child custody for Moslem or Non-Moslem is already explained in my previous article (Click Here), however before the child is deemed to be an adult under the law or by way of marriage, often a child custody disputes is put forward by their parents for their own reasons.

Pasca Perceraian, hak asuh anak untuk Muslim atau Non-Muslim sudah dijelaskan dalam artikel saya sebelumnya (Click Here), namun sebelum anak tersebut dianggap sebagai orang dewasa menurut hukum atau dengan cara pernikahan, sering kali perselisihan hak asuh anak diajukan oleh orang tua mereka karena alasan mereka sendiri.

Reasons of Child Custody Loss for Moslem

Within the assumption that usually  a child custody will be given to his/her Mother, herewith are some of the reasons in which may cause loss of Child Custody:

  • If the child custodian cannot ensure the physical and spiritual safety of the child, eventhough the cost of life is adequate (art 156 of Islamic Compilation Law).
  • The custodian of the child changes its religion to Non-Moslem. the moslem view finds that after the convertion the custodian of the child should not be entrusted with the parenting right.
  • if the custodian is woman, where she is re-married with another man.

other reasons may be brought up to dispute the custody of the child, the above are the most used basis to dispute the custody of the child.

Alasan Kehilangan Hak Asuh Anak untuk Muslim

Dalam asumsi bahwa biasanya hak asuh anak akan diberikan kepada ibunya, berikut adalah beberapa alasan yang dapat menyebabkan hilangnya hak asuh anak:

  • Jika pemegang hak asuh anak tidak dapat memastikan keselamatan jasmaniah dan rohaniah anak, meskipun biaya nafkah dan hadhanah telah cukup (pasal 156 Hukum Kompilasi Islam).
  • pemegang hak asuh mengubah agamanya menjadi Non-Muslim. terdapat pandangan yang menjelaskan bahwa setelah perubahan agama, pemegang hak asuh anak tidak seharusnya dipercayakan dengan hak pengasuhan anak.
  • jika pemegang hak asuh adalah wanita, di mana dia menikah lagi dengan pria lain.

alasan lain dapat diajukan untuk memperdebatkan hak asuh anak, hal-hal di atas adalah alasan dasar yang paling sering digunakan untuk memperkarakan hak asuh anak. 

Reasons of Child Custody Loss for Non-Moslem

Article 45 of The Marriage Law stipulates that in case of divorce, the parents is obliged to maintain and educate their children until they marry or are able to support themselves.

a child custody case can be presented to the court if the parents who hold the custody behaves poorly and neglects their obligation towards the child (Article 49 of Marriage Law). to be further noted that the parents who holds the child custody shall have the same religion  as the child as to ensure the provisions of spiritual education to the child.

Alasan Kehilangan Hak Asuh Anak untuk Non-Muslim

Pasal 45 UU Perkawinan menetapkan bahwa dalam hal terjadinya perceraian, orang tua berkewajiban memelihara dan mendidik anak-anak mereka sampai mereka menikah atau dapat berdiri sendiri (menghidupi diri sendiri).

Kasus hak asuh anak dapat diajukan ke pengadilan jika orang tua yang memegang hak asuh berperilaku buruk dan mengabaikan kewajiban mereka terhadap anak tersebut (pasal 49 UU Perkawinan). Untuk dicatat lebih lanjut bahwa orang tua yang memegang hak asuh anak harus memiliki agama yang sama dengan anak untuk memastikan pemberian pendidikan spiritual kepada anak.

 

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